Haematology summary 21

Haematology summary 21

Chapter 21in haematology (multiple myeloma and related disorder)summary

-The term paraprotienaemia refers to the presnce of a monoclonal immunoglobulin band in serum and reflects the synthesis of immunoglobin from asingle clone of plasma cells.

-Multiple myeloma is a tumour of plasma cekks that accumulate in the bone marrow, release a prarprotein and cause tissue damage. The disease has apeak incidence in the seventh decade .

-Almost all cases of myeloma develop from a pre-existing mnonclonal gammopathy of undetermined sigificance (MGUS)in which there is low level paraprotien and no 1% of cases progress to myeloma each year.

-A useful reminder for the spectrum of tissue damage in myeloma is CRAB- hypercalaemia,renal impairment,anaemia,bone disease.

-in patient younger than 75 years myeloma is usually treated bu intensve chemotherapy followed by anautologous stem cell transplant using stem cells harvested from the patient.

-In older patiet chemotherapy alone is used. However in both age group the disease is virually never cured.now drugs such as thalidomide,brotezomib are improving the outlook for patients and avarage survival is now 4-5 years.

- Aplasmacytoma is a localized mass of ,alignant plasma cells and usually treated with radiotherapy, many cases progress to myeloma.

From book: Essentail Haematology A.V.HOFFBRAND,P.A.H.MOSS.6EDITION